Keyboard is the main means of communication with the computer. It is an input device. Program and data are entered into a computer through a keyboard are partially similar to the standard typewriter. It contains alphabets (A-Z or a-z), digits(0-9), special keys (!,@,#,$,%,^,& etc.) and some control keys. Most of the keys are typematic i.e. they repeat their function as long as they are held down.
A keyboard encoder may be special IC or a single chip microcomputer used as encoder. When a key is pressed the encoder detects which key has been pressed and sends a binary code which may be an ASCII, EBCDIC, or HEX code. In some computer systems, the keyboard encoder sends simply a scan code to indicate which key has been pressed. A computer progress called keyboard translation program to assign the meaning of scan code which will give desire binary code corresponding to the pressed key. This approach is known as soft keys makes possible to change the meaning associated with various key on the key board.
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