Microprocessor is a square chips in which millions of components are integrated together in different layers. The main characteristics of a microprocessor are the widths of its internal as well as external address bus and data bus, clock rate and its instruction set. The first commercial microprocessor was the intel4004 which appeared in 1971 was the CPU member.

With the advancement in the LSI and VLSI technology, it has become possible to construct the whole CPU in single chip is called microprocessor. And a single chip microprocessor may include components such as memory (RAM, ROM, and PROM), memory management, caches, floating point out, input/output ports, and times. These devices are also called as micro controllers.

In this way, a microprocessor is formed and this microprocessor is also called as processor. However a single processor alone does not have any meaning without other components of a digital computer.

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