ROM is simply Read Only Memory. It is also a part of main memory. It is a type of memory that can permanently or semi permanently hold data. As the name implies it can only read the data and it needs a special program to write data. It is a non-volatile memory, so the data stored in the ROM will remain even if the power is turned off. ROM is an ideal place to put the computer’s startup instruction that is, the software that boots the system. So, it’s necessary to contain software that enables the computer to boot up. Otherwise, the processor would have no program in memory to execute when it is powered on.

There are 3 types of ROM:

1. PROM: It is a blank ROM when new and must be programmed with whatever data required. PROM chips are also called OTP i.e. One Time Programmable chips because it can be programmed once and never erased.
2. EPROM(erasable PROM):
   It is a PROM that is erasable and is erased by the exposure of the intense UV light.
3. EEPROM(electrically erasable prom):
   It can be erased from electrical signals instead of U.V. light. EEPROM is also called flash ROMs, and it is possible to erase and reprogram the ROM in a computer with removing the chip from the system.

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