The universal serial bus is referred as USB. It is a high speed serial bus that transfers data at higher rate than that of a serial port (port that allows serial data transfers). USB allows interfacing several devices to a single port in a daisy chain for support in a wide range of peripheral such as keyboard, monitor, mouse, modem, speaker, microphone, telephones, scanner, printers, etc. It provides power lines along with data line and contents four wires. Two out of four are used to supply electrical power to peripherals, eliminating bulky power, supply, and low power devices such as keyboard and mouse which need small amount of power get power from USB cable but the devices which requires larger amount of power eg. big loud speakers must have a local power supply. Out of four wires of USB two are used to send data and commands. USB assigns address to each devices and permits devices to communicate to one another, without involving the host. It can operate in two modes:
Low speed modes that transfer data at the rate 1.5MBPS and medium speed mode that transfer data at the rate 12MBPS.
USB uses three types of data transfers: isochronous or real driven, interrupt driven and bulk data transfer.
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